Eczema

 
Eczema Treatment: Symptoms, Causes, and Prevention

Eczema is a chronic, non-contagious skin condition that causes dryness, itching, and irritation. It can occur at any age but is most common in children. While there is no permanent cure, proper treatment and lifestyle adjustments can help manage symptoms effectively.

Causes of Eczema

Eczema results from a combination of genetic, immune, and environmental factors. The skin loses its ability to retain moisture, making it more sensitive to irritants. Stress and psychological factors may also trigger flare-ups.

Symptoms of Eczema

• Dry and cracked skin

• Severe itching

• Red or inflamed rash

• Skin discoloration

• Flaky or scaly patches

Complications of Eczema

• Asthma and hay fever

• Food allergies

• Bacterial and viral infections

• Sleep disturbances

• Allergic contact dermatitis

Common Triggers of Eczema

• Dust and pet dander

• Wool or synthetic fabrics

• Soaps, detergents, and perfumes

• Heat and sweating

• Stress and anxiety

• Dry skin

Types of Eczema

1. Seborrheic Eczema: Affects the scalp and oily areas like the nose and eyebrows.

2. Dyshidrotic Eczema: Appears on hands, feet, and palms.

3. Nummular Eczema: Circular, red, scaly patches on the skin.

4. Chronic Simplex Dermatitis: Caused by repeated scratching.

Prevention Tips

• Wear soft cotton clothing

• Moisturize skin twice daily

• Avoid trigger foods

• Use fragrance-free and soap-free cleansers

• Reduce stress and anxiety

• Apply cold compresses when needed

• Pat skin dry gently after bathing

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical advice if symptoms persist despite home care, or if signs of infection appear such as yellow crusts, red streaks, or pus.

FAQs About Eczema

Is eczema hereditary?
Eczema itself is not directly inherited, but family history of allergies like asthma or hay fever increases the risk.

Can children outgrow eczema?
Eczema is a chronic condition, but symptoms can be managed and flare-ups reduced with proper care.

What is a patch test?
A diagnostic test where suspected allergens are applied to the skin with adhesive patches to identify triggers.

Does adding salt, vinegar, or baking soda to bathwater help?
These do not treat eczema. Instead, moisturizing with petroleum jelly or oils after bathing is more effective.