Hernia

 

Hernia Treatment

A hernia occurs when an internal organ or tissue protrudes through the surrounding muscle wall or connective tissue. Most hernias develop in the abdominal cavity.

In children, umbilical hernia appears as a swelling near the belly button, usually visible when crying or coughing. It is often painless, but in adults it may cause abdominal pain when touched, requiring medical attention.

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Types of Hernia

• Inguinal Hernia: The most common type, affecting men more than women.

• Femoral Hernia: Occurs when tissue or part of the intestine pushes into the thigh below the groin.

• Umbilical Hernia: The intestines protrude outward, creating a bulge in the belly button.

• Hiatal Hernia: Happens when part of the stomach pushes up into the chest cavity.

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Symptoms of Hernia

• A visible lump that appears when coughing or laughing and disappears when lying down.

• Swelling in the groin or scrotum.

• Pain at the site of the bulge.

• Symptoms of bowel obstruction.

• Hiatal hernia symptoms: chest pain, heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and frequent acid reflux.

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Causes of Hernia

• Multiple pregnancies.

• Previous abdominal surgery.

• Long-term dialysis.

• Heavy lifting.

• Obesity.

• Chronic cough, especially from smoking.

• Digestive issues such as chronic constipation.

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Hernia Treatment

• Open surgery: The protruding tissue is returned to place and the abdominal wall is reinforced.

• Laparoscopic hernia repair: A minimally invasive surgery through a small incision. This method causes less pain and allows faster recovery, enabling patients to return home the same day and resume normal activities within weeks.

• In children, most umbilical hernias heal naturally by age one or two, but surgery may be required in special cases.

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Complications of Untreated Hernia

• Incarcerated Hernia: Causes nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain due to trapped intestines.

• Strangulated Hernia: A medical emergency requiring urgent surgery.

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Prevention of Hernia

• Maintain a healthy weight.

• Exercise regularly.

• Eat a fiber-rich diet to prevent constipation.

• Practice safe lifting techniques.

• Quit smoking.

• Avoid unnecessary strain on the abdomen.