🧠 Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Prevention
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) happens when a sudden blow, jolt, or penetrating injury damages the brain. It can range from a mild concussion to a severe injury that causes long-term problems or even death.
⚠️ Common Symptoms
TBI symptoms depend on the severity of the injury.
Mild TBI (Concussion) may cause:
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Headache or dizziness
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Nausea or vomiting
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Fatigue or confusion
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Blurred vision or ringing in the ears
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Difficulty concentrating or memory problems
Severe TBI may include:
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Loss of consciousness
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Persistent headache or seizures
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Clear fluid from nose or ears
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Difficulty waking up or poor coordination
🚗 Main Causes
The most common causes of TBI include:
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Falls — especially among children and older adults
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Car and motorcycle accidents
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Sports injuries — such as football, boxing, or skating
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Violence and assaults
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Explosions or combat injuries
💥 Possible Complications
TBI can lead to serious complications such as:
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Memory and learning problems
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Emotional or behavioral changes
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Seizures and infections
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Balance or coordination issues
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Increased risk of Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease
💊 Treatment & Recovery
Treatment for TBI depends on the severity:
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Mild cases usually require rest, pain relief, and close observation.
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Severe injuries may need emergency care, surgery, or rehabilitation therapy.
Rehabilitation programs often include physical, occupational, and speech therapy to help restore daily function and improve quality of life.
🛡️ Prevention Tips
Protect yourself and your family by following these steps:
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Always wear a seatbelt in vehicles
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Use helmets during sports or biking
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Keep floors and stairs free of clutter to prevent falls
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Avoid driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs
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Ensure children’s play areas are safe and cushioned
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