Breast Cancer

 

Breast Cancer: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Prevention

What is Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer is a type of cancer that develops when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in breast tissue. It most often begins in the milk-producing glands or the ducts that carry milk to the nipple. Early detection significantly increases the chances of successful treatment.

Breast cancer stages range from stage 0 to stage IV. The higher the stage, the lower the chances of recovery. Treatment depends on the cancer type, stage, and the patient’s overall health condition.

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Symptoms of Breast Cancer

Common signs and symptoms include:

• A lump in the breast that feels different from surrounding tissue.

• Changes in the nipple’s appearance.

• Persistent pain in the breast or nipple.

• Alterations in the size, shape, or appearance of the breast.

• Unusual or bloody discharge from the nipple.

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Causes of Breast Cancer

Possible causes include:

• Genetic predisposition.

• Hormonal factors.

• Lifestyle and environmental influences.

• Biological and social factors.

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Risk Factors

Certain factors increase the risk of breast cancer, such as:

• Family history of breast cancer.

• Previous cancers like thyroid or lymphatic cancers.

• Reproductive health history.

• Aging.

• Obesity or being overweight.

• Alcohol consumption.

• Radiation exposure.

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Prevention of Breast Cancer

Ways to lower the risk include:

• Regular breast self-exams.

• Adopting healthy lifestyle changes.

• Routine screening and mammograms.

• Maintaining a healthy weight.

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Breast Cancer Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the type and stage of the cancer and may include:

• Surgery: lumpectomy (tumor removal) or mastectomy (full breast removal).

• Radiation therapy.

• Hormonal therapy.

• Stem cell therapy in specific cases.

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Importance of Early Detection with Mammogram

• Mammography is one of the most effective tools for early detection.

• Early diagnosis improves treatment outcomes and increases survival rates up to 95%.

• Reduces breast cancer mortality rates by nearly 30%.

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When to See a Doctor?

You should consult a doctor if you notice:

• A new lump in the breast.

• Unexplained changes in the size or shape of the breast.

• Abnormal nipple discharge, even if imaging tests do not show cancer.